RDF Cheatsheet

by Alan Dean

Subscribe to feeds:  Atom feed for Alan Dean Atom  | RSS feed for Alan Dean RSS  | RDF feed for Alan Dean RDF

Subscribe to this document:  Atom feed for RDF Cheatsheet Atom  | RSS feed for RDF Cheatsheet RSS  | RDF feed for RDF Cheatsheet RDF

 

Table of Contents

Preamble

When crafting RDF documents, I try to use standard schema wherever possible. Unfortunately, this often results in having a multitude of browser tabs open at each schema specification page. Therefore I have put together this 'cheatsheet' simply to make my life easier.

Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1  source

Namespace declaration
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
dc:contributor  source

An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource.

Examples of a contributor include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a contributor should be used to indicate the entity.

<dc:contributor>Joe Bloggs</dc:contributor>

dc:coverage  source

The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant.

Spatial topic may be a named place or a location specified by its geographic coordinates. Temporal period may be a named period, date, or date range. A jurisdiction may be a named administrative entity or a geographic place to which the resource applies. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Thesaurus of Geographic Names. Where appropriate, named places or time periods can be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges.

<dc:coverage>London (World, Europe, United Kingdom, England, Greater London)</dc:coverage>
<dc:coverage rdf:resource="http://www.getty.edu/vow/TGNServlet?english=Y&find=London&place=City&page=1&nation=United+Kingdom" />
<dc:coverage>World War II, 1939-1945</dc:coverage>

Refinements: dcterms:spatial | dcterms:temporal

dc:creator  source

An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.

Examples of a creator include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a creator should be used to indicate the entity.

<dc:creator>Joe Bloggs</dc:creator>

dc:date  source

A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource.

Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601.

Year
<dc:date>1997</dc:date>
Year and month
<dc:date>1997-07</dc:date>
Complete date
<dc:date>1997-07-16</dc:date>
Complete date plus hours and minutes
<dc:date>1997-07-16T18:20Z</dc:date>
Complete date plus hours and minutes with timezone
<dc:date>1997-07-16T19:20+01:00</dc:date>
Complete date plus hours, minutes and seconds
<dc:date>1997-07-16T19:20:30+01:00</dc:date>
Complete date plus hours, minutes, seconds and a decimal fraction of a second
<dc:date>1997-07-16T19:20:30.45+01:00</dc:date>

Refinements: dcterms:created | dcterms:valid | dcterms:available | dcterms:issued | dcterms:modified | dcterms:dateAccepted | dcterms:dateCopyrighted | dcterms:dateSubmitted

dc:description  source

An account of the resource.

Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.

<dc:description>This is the description of the resource.</dc:description>

Refinements: dcterms:abstract | dcterms:tableOfContents

dc:format  source

The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.

Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types [MIME].

<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
<dc:format>application/xhtml+xml</dc:format>

Refinements: dcterms:extent | dcterms:medium

dc:identifier  source

An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.

Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.

Book
<dc:identifier>urn:ISBN:0596002637</dc:identifier>
Entry
<dc:identifier>_:042C416F-DC4C-4642-B678-A34B98A963CE</dc:identifier>

See also: Resource Identifier Guidelines

dc:language  source

A language of the resource.

Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as RFC 3066.

<dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>

dc:publisher  source

An entity responsible for making the resource available.

Examples of a publisher include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a publisher should be used to indicate the entity.

<dc:publisher>Example Inc.</dc:publisher>

dc:relation  source

A related resource.

Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.

<dc:relation rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.html" />

Refinements: dcterms:isVersionOf | dcterms:hasVersion | dcterms:isReplacedBy | dcterms:replaces | dcterms:isRequiredBy | dcterms:requires | dcterms:isPartOf | dcterms:hasPart | dcterms:isReferencedBy | dcterms:references | dcterms:isFormatOf | dcterms:hasFormat | dcterms:conformsTo

dc:rights  source

Information about rights held in and over the resource.

Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights.

<dc:rights>© Joe Bloggs, 2005-2007</dc:rights>
<dc:rights rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0/" />
<dc:rights rdf:resource="http://example.com/copyright.xml" />

dc:source  source

The resource from which the described resource is derived.

The described resource may be derived from the related resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.

<dc:source rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.html" />

dc:subject  source

The topic of the resource.

Typically, the topic will be represented using keywords, key phrases, or classification codes. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. To describe the spatial or temporal topic of the resource, use the dc:coverage element.

<dc:subject>Topic</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Another topic</dc:subject>

dc:title  source

A name given to the resource.

Typically, a title will be a name by which the resource is formally known.

<dc:title>The title of the resource.</dc:title>

Refinements: dcterms:alternative

dc:type  source

The nature or genre of the resource.

Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the DCMI Type Vocabulary. To describe the file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource, use the dc:format element.

<dc:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text" />

RDF Site Summary 1.0 Modules: Qualified Dublin Core  source

Namespace declaration
xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"

dc:title refined elements

dcterms:alternative  source

Any form of the title used as a substitute or alternative to the formal title of the resource.

This qualifier can include dc:title abbreviations as well as translations.

<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Bonjour</dcterms:alternative>

dc:description refined elements

dcterms:abstract  source

A summary of the content of the resource.

<dcterms:abstract>This is an abstract of the resource.</dcterms:abstract>

dcterms:tableOfContents  source

A list of subunits of the content of the resource.

<dcterms:tableOfContents rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.html#toc" />

dc:date refined elements

dcterms:created  source

Date of creation of the resource.

<dcterms:created>1997-07-16T18:20Z</dcterms:created>

dcterms:valid  source

Date (often a range) of validity of a resource.

<dcterms:valid>
  name=All Day Meeting;
  start=2002-10-17T09:00+01:00;
  end=2002-10-17T17:00+01:00;
  scheme=W3C-DTF
</dcterms:valid>

dcterms:available  source

Date (often a range) that the resource will become or did become available.

The value of Avaliable should be a DCSV encoded DCMI Period.

<dcterms:available>
  name=All Day Meeting;
  start=2002-10-17T09:00+01:00;
  end=2002-10-17T17:00+01:00;
  scheme=W3C-DTF
</dcterms:available>

dcterms:issued  source

Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource.

<dcterms:issued>1997-07-16T18:20Z</dcterms:issued>

dcterms:modified  source

Date on which the resource was changed.

It is recomended that the modified date should correspond to the HTTP 1.1 Last-Modified date, of the document the link element points to when Modified is used withing a item element.

When modified is used within the channel element it should correspond to the HTTP 1.1 Last-Modified date of the RSS feed and it is recomended that this should correspond to the date when the content of the feed changed, not the date when it was generated.

<dcterms:modified>1997-07-16T18:20Z</dcterms:modified>

dcterms:dateAccepted  source

Date of acceptance of the resource (e.g. of thesis by university department, of article by journal, etc.).

<dcterms:dateAccepted>1997-07-16T18:20Z</dcterms:dateAccepted>

dcterms:dateCopyrighted  source

Date of a statement of copyright.

<dcterms:dateCopyrighted>1997-07-16T18:20Z</dcterms:dateCopyrighted>

dcterms:dateSubmitted  source

Date of submission of the resource (e.g. thesis, articles, etc.).

<dcterms:dateSubmitted>1997-07-16T18:20Z</dcterms:dateSubmitted>

dc:format refined elements

dcterms:extent  source

The size or duration of the resource.

It is recomended that the value of dcterms:extent should be the same as the HTTP 1.1 Content-Length header - the size of the document in bytes.

When dcterms:extent is used in a channel element is should be the value of the size of the RSS feed itself, when used within a item element it should be the size of the document that the link element points to.

<dcterms:extent>6512</dcterms:extent>

dcterms:medium  source

The material or physical carrier of the resource.

For example a book or CD could be the medium; the medium should be something physical. Since RSS is used to describe web resources dcterms:medium is not obviously applicable.

<dcterms:medium>CD</dcterms:medium>

dc:relation refined elements

dcterms:isVersionOf  source

The described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation of the referenced resource. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.

<dcterms:isVersionOf rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:hasVersion  source

The described resource has a version, edition, or adaptation, namely, the referenced resource.

<dcterms:hasVersion rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:isReplacedBy  source

The described resource is supplanted, displaced, or superceded by the referenced resource.

<dcterms:isReplacedBy rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:replaces  source

The described resource supplants, displaces, or supersedes the referenced resource.

<dcterms:replaces rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:isRequiredBy  source

The described resource is required by the referenced resource, either physically or logically.

<dcterms:isRequiredBy rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:requires  source

The described resource requires the referenced resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence of content.

<dcterms:requires rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:isPartOf  source

The described resource is a physical or logical part of the referenced resource.

<dcterms:isPartOf rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:hasPart  source

The described resource includes the referenced resource either physically or logically.

<dcterms:hasPart rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:isReferencedBy  source

The described resource is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the referenced resource.

<dcterms:isReferencedBy rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:references  source

The described resource references, cites, or otherwise points to the referenced resource.

<dcterms:references rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:isFormatOf  source

The described resource is the same intellectual content of the referenced resource, but presented in another format.

<dcterms:isFormatOf rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:hasFormat  source

The described resource pre-existed the referenced resource, which is essentially the same intellectual content presented in another format.

<dcterms:hasFormat rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.rdf" />

dcterms:conformsTo  source

A reference to an established standard to which the resource conforms.

For a XHTML document:

<dcterms:conformsTo rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/" />

Or for a document that achieves WAI WCAG AA:

<dcterms:conformsTo rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG1AA-Conformance" />

dc:coverage refined elements

dcterms:spatial  source

Spatial characteristics of the intellectual content of the resoure.

There are several encoding schemes for dcterms:spatial, several of which could be the default one for RSS. However since it's not clear which one it is recommended that if Spatial is used it's encoding scheme is made clear.

<dc:spatial>London (World, Europe, United Kingdom, England, Greater London)</dc:spatial>
<dc:spatial rdf:resource="http://www.getty.edu/vow/TGNServlet?english=Y&find=London&place=City&page=1&nation=United+Kingdom" />

dcterms:temporal  source

Temporal characteristics of the intellectual content of the resource.

The value of dcterms:temporal should be a DCSV encoded DCMI Period, for example:

<dcterms:temporal>name=The Great Depession; start=1929; end=1939; scheme=W3C-DTF</dcterms:temporal>

Elements that are not refined elements of core DC elements

dcterms:audience  source

A class of entity for whom the resource is intended or useful.

<dcterms:audience>geeks, linux users<dcterms:audience>

dcterms:mediator  source

A class of entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful.

<dcterms:mediator>???</dcterms:mediator>

FOAF Vocabulary Specification  source

Namespace declaration
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"

FOAF Basics

foaf:Agent  source

An agent (eg. person, group, software or physical artifact).

foaf:Person  source

A person.

foaf:name  source

A name for some thing.

<foaf:name>Joe Bloggs</foaf:name>

foaf:nick  source

A short informal nickname characterising an agent (includes login identifiers, IRC and other chat nicknames).

<foaf:nick>Joey</foaf:nick>

foaf:title  source

Title (Mr, Mrs, Ms, Dr. etc)

<foaf:title>Mr</foaf:title>

See also: Pre-nominal letters

foaf:homepage  source

A homepage for some thing.

<foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://example.com/people/joe-bloggs"/>

foaf:mbox  source

A personal mailbox, ie. an Internet mailbox associated with exactly one owner, the first owner of this mailbox.

<foaf:mbox rdf:resource="mailto:joe-bloggs@example.com"/>

foaf:mbox_sha1sum  source

The sha1sum of the URI of an Internet mailbox associated with exactly one owner, the first owner of the mailbox.

<foaf:mbox_sha1sum>9a6b7eefc08fd755d51dd9321aecfcc87992e9a2</foaf:mbox_sha1sum>

foaf:img  source

An image that can be used to represent some thing (ie. those depictions which are particularly representative of something, eg. one's photo on a homepage).

<foaf:img rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs.jpg" />

foaf:depiction  source

The foaf:depiction property is a relationship between a thing and an foaf:Image that depicts it. As such it is an inverse of the foaf:depicts relationship.

foaf:depicts  source

A thing depicted in this representation.

<foaf:depicts rdf:resource="http://example.com/thing" />

foaf:surname  source

The surname of some person.

<foaf:surname>Bloggs</foaf:surname>

foaf:family_name  source

The family name of some person.

<foaf:family_name>Bloggs</foaf:family_name>

foaf:givenname  source

The given name of some person.

<foaf:givenname>Joe</foaf:givenname>

foaf:firstName  source

The first name of a person.

<foaf:firstName>Joe</foaf:firstName>

Personal Info

foaf:weblog  source

A weblog of some thing (whether person, group, company etc.).

<foaf:weblog rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs" />

foaf:knows  source

A person known by this person (indicating some level of reciprocated interaction between the parties).

<foaf:knows rdf:resource="http://example.com/jane-doe" />

foaf:interest  source

A page about a topic of interest to this person.

<foaf:interest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/RDF/" />
<foaf:interest rdf:resource="http://wikipedia.org/wiki/history" />

foaf:currentProject  source

A current project this person works on.

<foaf:currentProject rdf:resource="http://example.com" />

foaf:pastProject  source

A project this person has previously worked on.

<foaf:pastProject rdf:resource="http://example.org" />

foaf:plan  source

A .plan comment, in the tradition of finger and '.plan' files.

<foaf:plan rdf:resource="http://example.org/joe-bloggs.plan" />

foaf:based_near  source

A location that something is based near, for some broadly human notion of near.

<foaf:based_near>
  <geo:Point xmlns:geo="http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#">
    <foaf:name xml:lang="en-GB">London, England</foaf:name>
    <geo:lat>51.45</geo:lat>
    <geo:long>-0.1</geo:long>
  </geo:Point>
</foaf:based_near>

foaf:workplaceHomepage  source

A workplace homepage of some person; the homepage of an organization they work for.

<foaf:workplaceHomepage rdf:resource="http://example.org" />

foaf:workInfoHomepage  source

A work info homepage of some person; a page about their work for some organization.

<foaf:workInfoHomepage rdf:resource="http://example.org/info" />

foaf:schoolHomepage  source

A homepage of a school attended by the person.

<foaf:schoolHomepage rdf:resource="http://example.ac" />

foaf:publications  source

A link to the publications of this person.

<foaf:publications rdf:resource="http://example.ac/dissertation.html" />

foaf:geekcode  source

A textual geekcode for this person.

foaf:myersBriggs  source

A Myers-Briggs (MBTI) personality classification.

<foaf:myersBriggs>ESTJ</foaf:myersBriggs>

Online Accounts / IM

foaf:OnlineAccount  source

An online account.

foaf:OnlineChatAccount  source

An online chat account.

foaf:OnlineEcommerceAccount  source

An online e-commerce account.

foaf:OnlineGamingAccount  source

An online gaming account.

foaf:holdsAccount  source

Indicates an account held by this agent.

foaf:accountServiceHomepage  source

Indicates a homepage of the service provide for this online account.

foaf:accountName  source

Indicates the name (identifier) associated with this online account.

foaf:icqChatID  source

An ICQ chat ID.

<foaf:icqChatID>01234</foaf:icqChatID>

foaf:msnChatID  source

An MSN chat ID.

<foaf:msnChatID>example@msn.com</foaf:msnChatID>

foaf:aimChatID  source

An AIM chat ID.

<foaf:aimChatID>example</foaf:aimChatID>

foaf:jabberID  source

A jabber ID for something.

<foaf:jabberID>example@gmail.com</foaf:jabberID>

foaf:yahooChatID  source

A Yahoo! chat ID.

<foaf:yahooChatID>example</foaf:yahooChatID>

Projects and Groups

foaf:Project  source

A project (a collective endeavour of some kind).

<foaf:Project>Example Project</foaf:Project>
<foaf:Project rdf:resource="http://example.com/project" />

foaf:Organization  source

An organization.

<foaf:Organization>
  <foaf:name>Example Inc.</foaf:name>
  <foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://example.com" />
</foaf:Organization>

foaf:Group  source

A class of Agents.

<foaf:Group>
  <foaf:member rdf:resource="http://example.com/jane-doe" />
  <foaf:member rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs" />
</foaf:Group>

foaf:member  source

Indicates a member of a Group.

<foaf:member rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs" />

foaf:membershipClass  source

Indicates the class of individuals that are a member of a Group.

foaf:fundedBy  source

An organization funding a project or person.

<foaf:fundedBy rdf:resource="http://example.com" />

foaf:theme  source

A theme.

Documents and Images

foaf:Document  source

A document.

<foaf:Document rdf:resource="http://example.com/document.html" />

foaf:Image  source

An image.

<foaf:Image rdf:resource="http://example.com/image.jpg" />

foaf:PersonalProfileDocument  source

A personal profile RDF document.

<foaf:PersonalProfileDocument rdf:about="http://example.com/joe-bloggs.rdf">
  <dc:contributor rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs" />
  <dc:publisher rdf:resource="http://example.com" />
  <dc:date>2007-04-19</dc:date>
  <dc:format>application/rdf+xml</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier rdf:resource="example.com/joe-bloggs.rdf"/>
  <dcterms:created>2006-11-24T16:32:10.328125Z</dcterms:created>
  <dcterms:modified>2006-11-24T16:32:10.328125Z</dcterms:modified>
  <foaf:maker rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs"/>
  <foaf:primaryTopic rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs"/>
</foaf:PersonalProfileDocument>

foaf:topic  source

A topic of some page or document.

<foaf:topic rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/RDF/" />

foaf:page  source

A page or document about this thing.

<foaf:page rdf:resource="http://example.com/page.html" />

foaf:primaryTopic  source

The primary topic of some page or document.

<foaf:primaryTopic rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/RDF/" />

foaf:tipjar  source

A tipjar document for this agent, describing means for payment and reward.

foaf:sha1  source

A sha1sum hash, in hex.

foaf:made  source

Something that was made by this agent.

<foaf:made rdf:resource="http://example.com" />

foaf:maker  source

An agent that made this thing.

<foaf:maker rdf:resource="http://example.com/joe-bloggs" />

foaf:thumbnail  source

A derived thumbnail image.

<foaf:thumbnail rdf:resource="http://example.com/thumbnail.jpg" />

A logo representing some thing.

<foaf:logo rdf:resource="http://example.com/logo.jpg" />

Basic Geo (WGS84 lat/long) Vocabulary  source

Namespace declaration
xmlns:geo="http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#"
Basic RDF Geo Vocabulary: geo:Point / geo:lat / geo:long / geo:alt  source

A very minimalistic RDF vocabulary for describing points with latitude, longitude, and altitude properties from the WGS84 reference datum specification.

<geo:Point>
  <geo:lat>55.701</geo:lat>
  <geo:long>12.552</geo:long>
  <geo:alt>998</geo:alt>
</geo:Point>

RDF Site Summary 1.0 Modules: mod_cc  source

Namespace declaration
xmlns:cc="http://web.resource.org/cc/"
cc:license  source

The element contains a single rdf:resource attribute which contains the URI of the license applied.

Can be a sub-element of an RSS item, channel or image. The license it refers to is applied to the parent element. As with any RDF elements, an occurance of cc:license within any element implies the copyright of the document contained with the rdf:about attribute of that parent element, and not the document pointed to by the link sub-element.

<cc:license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0/" />